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Birthday · June 21, 2025

Two Worlds, Two Analemmas

June 21, 2025

You share your birthday with the light of distant galaxies that has been traveling for millions of years just to arrive here, now, alongside...

Two Worlds, Two Analemmas

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APOD published June 21, 2025. Credit: Tunc Tezel. A publication-date match, not a photo taken on your date. Independent of NASA.

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Two Worlds, Two Analemmas

Original APOD · June 21, 2025

Sure, that figure-8 shaped curve you get when you mark the position of the Sun in Earth's sky at the same time each day over one year is called an analemma. On the left, Earth's figure-8 analemma was traced by combining wide-angle digital images recorded during the year from December 2011 through December 2012. But the shape of an analemma depends on the eccentricity of a planet's orbit and the tilt of its axis of rotation, so analemma curves can look different for different worlds. Take Mars for example. The Red Planet's axial tilt is similar to Earth's, but its orbit around the same sun is more eccentric (less circular) than Earth's orbit. As seen from the Martian surface, the analemma traced in the right hand panel is shaped more like a tear drop. The Mars rover Opportunity captured the images used over the Martian year corresponding to Earth dates July 2006 to June 2008. Of course, each world's solstice dates still lie at the top and bottom of their different analemma curves. The last Mars northern summer solstice was May 29, 2025. Our fair planet's 2025 northern summer solstice is at June 21, 2:42 UTC.

Image credit: Tunc Tezel

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